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Classification of regular embeddings of n-dimensional cubes
Authors:Domenico A. Catalano  Marston D. E. Conder  Shao Fei Du  Young Soo Kwon  Roman Nedela  Steve Wilson
Affiliation:1.Departamento de Matemática,Universidade de Aveiro,Aveiro,Portugal;2.Department of Mathematics,University of Auckland,Auckland,New Zealand;3.School of Mathematical Sciences,Capital Normal University,Beijing,China;4.Department of Mathematics,Yeungnam University,Kyongsan,Republic of Korea;5.Mathematical Institute,Slovak Academy of Sciences,Banská Bystrica,Slovakia;6.Department of Mathematics and Statistics,Northern Arizona University,Flagstaff,USA
Abstract:An orientably-regular map is a 2-cell embedding of a connected graph or multigraph into an orientable surface, such that the group of all orientation-preserving automorphisms of the embedding has a single orbit on the set of all arcs (incident vertex-edge pairs). Such embeddings of the n-dimensional cubes Q n were classified for all odd n by Du, Kwak and Nedela in 2005, and in 2007, Jing Xu proved that for n=2m where m is odd, they are precisely the embeddings constructed by Kwon in 2004. Here, we give a classification of orientably-regular embeddings of Q n for all n. In particular, we show that for all even n (=2m), these embeddings are in one-to-one correspondence with elements σ of order 1 or 2 in the symmetric group S n such that σ fixes n, preserves the set of all pairs B i ={i,i+m} for 1≤im, and induces the same permutation on this set as the permutation B i B f(i) for some additive bijection f:ℤ m →ℤ m . We also give formulae for the numbers of embeddings that are reflexible and chiral, respectively, showing that the ratio of reflexible to chiral embeddings tends to zero for large even n.
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