Ruthenium-based electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction—a review |
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| Authors: | Jong-Won Lee Branko N Popov |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Electrochemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA |
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| Abstract: | A major impediment to the commercialization of fuel cells is the low activity of electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction
reaction that involves multiple electron transfer steps. Platinum is considered the best cathode catalyst toward oxygen reduction
to water; however, Pt remains an expensive metal of low abundance, and it is of great importance to find Pt-free metal alternatives.
Among various Pt-free catalysts under development, ruthenium-based compounds show significant catalytic activity and selectivity
for four-electron reduction of oxygen to water in acidic environments. This article provides a short review on the different
classes of Ru-based catalysts focusing on the catalytically active reaction sites and the oxygen reduction mechanism in acidic
media. After a brief discussion of the oxygen reduction kinetics on a pure Ru metal, the paper reviews the catalytic properties
of the selected Ru compounds, including crystalline Chevrel-phase chalcogenides, nanostructured Ru and Ru–Se clusters, and
Ru–N chelate compounds.
This paper is dedicated to Professor Su-Il Pyun, who has pioneered advances in interfacial electrochemistry in the field of
corrosion and materials science in South Korea, on the occasion of his 65th birthday. |
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| Keywords: | Ruthenium Electrocatalyst Oxygen reduction Low-temperature fuel cell |
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