长江沿岸某化工园区土壤、底泥中酚类化合物的污染现状

建立了同时测定土壤（底泥）样品中12种酚类化合物的检测方法。采用加速溶剂萃取（ASE）与凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）协同净化进行前处理，气相色谱和质谱联用技术（GC-MS）进行定性定量分析。方法检出限为0.410~13.1 μg/kg（干重），回收率在70.7%~122%之间，相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.2%~16%。基于上述分析方法研究了长江沿岸某化工园区土壤及长江底泥中12种酚类化合物的污染水平。17个土壤样品和7个底泥样品中除对苯二酚外的11种酚类化合物均有检出。土壤和底泥中酚类污染物总含量范围分别为10.16~30.66 mg/kg和18.00~29.83 mg/kg，平均含量分别为18.26 mg/kg和22.51 mg/kg。土壤和底泥中最主要的酚类污染物为4-硝基苯酚和4-氯-3-甲酚，其次为邻氯对苯二酚、4，6-二硝基邻甲基苯酚和2，4，6-三氯酚。该化工园区周边土壤及长江底泥中12种酚类污染物污染水平较低、环境风险较小。

Pollution status of phenolic compounds in the soil and sediment from a chemical industrial park along the Yangtze River

A determination method of 12 phenolic compounds in soil and sediment samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis coupled with accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) for clean-up was developed. The method detection limits (MDLs) varied from 0.410 μg/kg to 13.1 μg/kg (dry weight), and the average recoveries ranged from 70.7% to 122% with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 1.2% to 16%. Based on this method, the levels of 12 phenolic compounds were investigated in 17 soil surrounding a chemical industrial park along the Yangtze River and seven sediment samples collected in the river. It was found that 11 of the 12 phenolic compounds were detected in all of the 24 samples, and only hydroquinone was below the MDL. The contents of the total 12 phenolic compounds were 10.16-30.66 mg/kg in the soil and 18.00-29.83 mg/kg in the sediment, with the average contents of 18.26 and 22.51 mg/kg respectively. It showed that 4-nitrophenol, 4-chloro-3-methylphenol, 2-chlorohydroquinone, 2-methyl-4,6-dinitrophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol were five major phenolic contaminants in the soil and sediment in this study. The pollution levels of the 12 phenolic compounds were low in the soil of the chemical industrial park as well as in the sediment of the Yangtze River, which implied a comparatively low risk for the environment.