Schur不等式和Hlder不等式及其应用

Schur不等式和H lder不等式是两个重要的不等式,本讲我们介绍Schur不等式和H lder不等式及其应用.Schur不等式:设x,y,z∈R ,则x(x-y)(x-z) y(y-z)(y-x) z(z-x)(z-y)≥0(1)简记为x(x-y)(x-z)≥0,下文均采用这一简记方法.一般地,Schur不等式为:设x,y,z≥0,r>0,则xr(x-y)(x-z)≥0.(2)证不妨设x≥y≥z,则左边≥xr(x-y)(x-z)-yr(x-y)(y-z)≥yr(x-y)(x-z)-yr(x-y)(y-z)=yr(x-y)2≥0.Schur不等式的如下两个形式在解题中非常有用:变形Ⅰx3-x2(y z) 3xy≥0.变形Ⅱ(x)3-4x yz 9xyz≥0.事实上,把(1)展开即得变形Ⅰ.对于变形Ⅱ,因为(x)3=x3 3x2(y z)…