Sensitive determination of verticine and verticinone in Bulbus Fritillariae by ionic liquid assisted capillary electrophoresis-electrochemiluminescence system

CE/Ru(bpy)₃²⁺ electrochemiluminescence (ECL) system with the assistance of ionic liquids (ILs) was successfully established for sensitive determination of verticine and verticinone in Bulbus Fritillariae for the first time. Migration behavior of alkaloid largely relies on the hydrogen bonding interactions between alkyl imidazolium cations in ILs and the alkaloids. Running buffer containing 40 mmol/L 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMImBF₄) IL-8 mmol/L phosphate resulted in significant changes in separation selectivity for alkaloids with similar structures. The highest sensitivity of the detection was obtained by maintaining the detection potential at 1.2 V. Under the optimized conditions, relative standard derivations of the ECL intensity and the migration time were 3.27 and 2.84% for verticine and 4.42 and 1.69% for verticinone, respectively. The standard curves were linear between 1 × 10⁻⁸ and 1 × 10⁻⁶ mol/L for verticine and between 5 × 10⁻⁸ and 1 × 10⁻⁶ mol/L for verticinone, respectively. Detection limits of 1.25 × 10⁻¹⁰ mol/L for verticine and 1 × 10⁻¹⁰ mol/L for verticinone were obtained (S/N = 3). Developed method was successfully applied to determine the amounts of alkaloids in Bulbus Fritillariae.