KF负载型固体碱催化合成氨基甲酸酯的研究

氨基甲酸酯是合成农药、医药及异氰酸酯的重要中间体^[1,2]．传统的氨基甲酸酯的制备是以光气及其衍生物和胺为原料^[3]，该工艺使用剧毒的光气，同时副产腐蚀性的HCl．因此，对环境友好的非光气法合成氨基甲酸酯成为当今发展的主流^[4,5]．由胺与碳酸二甲酯反应合成氨基甲酸酯是近年发展起来的非光气法，用碳酸二甲酯代替光气合成氨基甲酸酯可以实现环保要求，反应过程中的唯一副产物甲醇可以循环利用．该反应通常在硝酸铅^[6]、γ—Al2O3^[7]、Zn（OAc）2和三氟化镱^[8,9]等催化条件下进行．但上述催化剂存在催化活性低，

Study on Catalytic Synthesis of N-alkyl Carbamates by KF Supported on the Carriers

The methoxycarbonylation of amines with dimethyl carbonate using KF supported on different carriers as catalysts were studied.The effects of different catalysts,reaction time,amount of catalyst and the reusability on reactions were investigated.Results show that the KF supported on different carriers were efficient catalysts for the reactions with high yields in mild conditions.The optimum reaction condition was 1% of catalyst,reaction time 3 h.Under that condition,the average yield was over 89%.The catalyt...