Preparation and characteristics of linoleic acid-grafted chitosan oligosaccharide micelles as a carrier for doxorubicin

The linoleic acid (LA)-grafted chitosan oligosaccharide (CSO) (CSO-LA) was synthesized in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC), and the effects of molecular weight of CSO and the charged amount of LA on the physicochemical properties of CSO-LA were investigated, such as CMC, graft ratio, size, zeta potential. The results showed that these chitosan derivatives were able to self-assemble and form spherical shape polymeric micelles with the size range of 150.7–213.9 nm and the zeta potential range of 57.9–79.9 mV, depending on molecular weight of CSO and the charged amount of LA. Using doxorubicin (DOX) as a model drug, the DOX-loaded CSO-LA micelles were prepared by dialysis method. The drug encapsulation efficiencies (EE) of DOX-loaded CSO-LA micelles were as high as about 75%. The sizes of DOX-loaded CSO-LA micelles with 20% charged DOX (relating the mass of CSO-LA) were near 200 nm, and the drug loading (DL) capacity could reach up to 15%. The in vitro release studies indicated that the drug release from the DOX-loaded CSO-LA micelles was reduced with increasing the graft ratio of CSO-LA, due to the enhanced hydrophobic interaction between hydrophobic drug and hydrophobic segments of CSO-LA. Moreover, the drug release rate from CSO-LA micelles was faster with the drug loading. These data suggested the possible utilization of the amphiphilic micellar chitosan derivatives as carriers for hydrophobic drugs for improving their delivery and release properties.