Symmetry of iteration graphs |
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| Authors: | Walter Carlip Martina Mincheva |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Mathematics, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17604, USA |
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| Abstract: | We examine iteration graphs of the squaring function on the rings ℤ/nℤ when n = 2
k
p, for p a Fermat prime. We describe several invariants associated to these graphs and use them to prove that the graphs are not symmetric
when k = 3 and when k ⩾ 5 and are symmetric when k = 4. |
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| Keywords: | digraph iteration digraph quadratic map tree cycle |
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