Cerium oxide-catalyzed multicomponent condensation approach to spirooxindoles in water

An efficient and facile green synthesis of spirooxindole derivatives bearing pyrano2,3-c]pyrazole moiety has been achieved via a \(\mathrm{CeO}_{2}\)-NPs catalyzed four-component reaction in water. The protocol offers an environmentally benign and effective approach to highly functionalized and biologically interesting spiroindoline-3,4\(^\prime \)-pyrano2,3-c]pyrazole] derivatives. The synthesized compounds exhibit potent antioxidant and antibacterial activities.