Surface functionalization of nanofibrillated cellulose using click-chemistry approach in aqueous media |
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| Authors: | Nikolaos Pahimanolis Ulla Hippi Leena-Sisko Johansson Tapio Saarinen Nikolay Houbenov Janne Ruokolainen Jukka Seppälä |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University School of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 16100, Aalto, Espoo, Finland;(2) Department of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University School of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 16400, Aalto, Espoo, Finland;(3) Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 15100, Aalto, Espoo, Finland; |
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| Abstract: | In the present work, amino functionalized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) was prepared using click-chemistry in aqueous reaction conditions. First, reactive azide groups were introduced on the surface of NFC by the etherification of 1-azido-2,3-epoxypropane in alkaline water/isopropanol-mixture at ambient temperature. Then the azide groups were reacted with propargyl amine utilizing copper catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), leading to pH-responsive 1,2,3-triazole-4-methanamine decorated NFC. The reaction products were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The presence of the attached azide groups was also confirmed by reacting them with 5-(dimethylamino)-N-(2-propyl)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide by CuAAC, yielding highly fluorescent NFC. In addition, atom force microscopy and rheology studies confirmed that the original NFC nanostructure was maintained during the synthesis. |
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