高分子包囊药物释放体系

用高分子作为载体的高分子微包囊和纳米级包囊药物制剂不仅能控制药物以一定的速度释放，而且可对生物体的生理指标变化作出反馈，因而可以成为靶向药物释放体系。通过用高分子包囊还可以延长蛋白质和多肽类药物的生理活性，提高药物稳定性，使之成为长效药物，并使一些难以口服的药物能够制成口服制剂。文章在介绍有关高分子药物释放体系的一些基本原理，以及与之相关的药学、药理学、物理化学和高分子材料科学方面知识的基础上，较全面地综述了高分子包囊药物的制备技术和应用。阐述了高分子包囊的粒径、表面积、孔度、药物性能和药含量，以及高分子包囊材料的性能对药物释放行为的影响。对药物传送机理亦进行了扼要的介绍。

Polymeric Microencapsulated Drug Delivery System

Micro- and nano-capsules, as good candidates, have been proposed for drug delivery systems. It is noticeable that many new drug delivery systems are designed to be capable of modulated release profiles, to response to an external stimulus or a biofeedback mechanism, to be as a target drug and/or to control the administration of polypeptide and protein drugs. The advantages of these systems, such as improved drug performance, decreased side effects, eliminated discomfort and compliance of patient, reduced expense in comparison with to design a new drug and increased administration routes, show great promise for the commercial use in the near future. In the present paper, the basic principles of polymeric drug delivery systems and related knowledge of pharmaceutics, pharmacology, physical chemistry and polymer materials science have been reviewed. The Microencapsulation process and application are mainly discussed. The effect of the size, surface area and porosity of particles, the property and content of drugs, as well as the properties of polymer on the drug release behavior of microcapsules are elucidated. The mechanism of drug transporting is also discussed.