Predicting interactive behavior of cytokines and their receptors by dielectric thermal analysis and thermogravimetry |
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Authors: | Susan Moreno-Molek Salaam Saleh Druthiman Reddy Mantheni Manik Pavan Kumar Maheswaram Tobili Sam-Yellowe Alan T Riga |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA;(2) Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA; |
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Abstract: | Cytokines and soluble cytokine receptors serve as important protein biomarkers for chronic and infectious disease diagnosis.
The development of biosensors capable of detecting cytokines or their soluble receptors in patient bodily fluids is a growing
area of research. In an ongoing series of studies to understand the thermal analytical behavior of cytokines and their soluble
receptors, dielectric thermal analysis (DETA) and thermogravimetry (TG) were used in investigations to determine if differentiations
based on dielectric properties (e.g., conductivity) of the proteins could be identified. Permittivity (ε′) and dielectric
loss factor (ε″) measurements were performed over a frequency range of 0.1–300,000 Hz. Up to 20 min, water associated with
the samples was conductive, interacting with the proteins and affecting the temperature-dependent relaxation spectra of proteins.
A trend analysis revealed differences between surface charge at 0.1 Hz and bulk charge at 300,000 Hz. In addition, the greatest
change detected among proteins was due to the conductivity (dielectric loss factor). Beyond a 20 min drying time, the observed
conductivity was due to intrinsic properties of the proteins with limited dependence on frequency. A 100% water loss was obtained
for samples within 20–30 min by TG. Sample drying by TG could serve as a preparatory step in drying protein samples for further
DETA and DSC analysis. |
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