Influence of synthesis parameters on iron nanoparticle size and zeta potential |
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Authors: | Nikki Goldstein Lauren F Greenlee |
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Institution: | (1) Materials Reliability Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA;; |
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Abstract: | Zero valent iron nanoparticles are of increasing interest in clean water treatment applications due to their reactivity toward
organic contaminants and their potential to degrade a variety of compounds. This study focuses on the effect of organophosphate
stabilizers on nanoparticle characteristics, including particle size distribution and zeta potential, when the stabilizer
is present during nanoparticle synthesis. Particle size distributions from DLS were obtained as a function of stabilizer type
and iron precursor (FeSO4·7H2O or FeCl3), and nanoparticles from 2 to 200 nm were produced. Three different organophosphate stabilizer compounds were compared in
their ability to control nanoparticle size, and the size distributions obtained for particle volume demonstrated differences
caused by the three stabilizers. A range of stabilizer-to-iron (0.05–0.9) and borohydride-to-iron (0.5–8) molar ratios were
tested to determine the effect of concentration on nanoparticle size distribution and zeta potential. The combination of ferrous
sulfate and ATMP or DTPMP phosphonate stabilizer produced stabilized nanoparticle suspensions, and the stabilizers tested
resulted in varying particle size distributions. In general, higher stabilizer concentrations resulted in smaller nanoparticles,
and excess borohydride did not decrease nanoparticle size. Zeta potential measurements were largely consistent with particle
size distribution data and indicated the stability of the suspensions. Probe sonication, as a nanoparticle resuspension method,
was minimally successful in several different organic solvents. |
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