Kinetics and mechanism of thermal decomposition of cadmium(II) complexes with substituted thioureas |
| |
Authors: | E Chruścińska J Masłowska |
| |
Institution: | (1) Institute of General Food Chemistry, Technical University, 90 924 Lodz, Poland |
| |
Abstract: | From the thermal decomposition curves of cadmium(II) complexes with substituted thioureas (methyl-, dimethyl-, ethyl-, diethyl-, butyl-, dibutyl-, phenyl-, diphenyl-, acetyl- and benzoylphenylthiourea), the kinetic parameters of the thermal decompositions of these complexes were determined and a decomposition mechanism was suggested. The following thermal stability sequence is given for the Cd(II) complexes: complexes with alkylthioureas < complexes with phenylthioureas < complexes with acylthioureas.
Zusammenfassung Die kinetischen Parameter der thermischen Zersetzung von Verbindungen der Formeln Cd(MeTM)4(ClO4)2, Cd(DMeTM)4(ClO4)2, Cd(EtTM)4(ClO4)2, Cd(DEtTM)4(ClO4)2, Cd(BuTM)4(CtO4)2, Cd(DBuTM)4(ClO4)2, Cd(AcTM)3(ClO4)4, Cd(FTM)4(ClO4)2 und Cd(DFTM)4(ClO4)2 wurden mittels TG and DTG untersucht. Die Reaktionsordnung (n) und die Aktivierungsenergie (E
a) wurden nach der graphischen Methode ermittelt.
![Rcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1056.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![zcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1079.gif) ![yucy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1102.gif) ![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![Ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1053.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1074.gif) ![kcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1082.gif) ![rcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![vcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ycy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1099.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![gcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1075.gif) ![rcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1079.gif) ![lcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zhcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1078.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![kcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![pcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![kcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1082.gif) ![scy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![kcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1082.gif) ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![dcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1076.gif) ![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![shchcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1097.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1099.gif) ![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![pcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![zcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1079.gif) ![vcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1099.gif) ![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![vcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) (![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) - ![dcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1076.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) , ![ecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1101.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) - ![dcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1076.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1101.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) , ![bcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1073.gif) ![ucy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1091.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) - ![dcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1076.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![bcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1073.gif) ![ucy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1091.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) , ![fcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1092.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) - ![dcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1076.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![fcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1092.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) , ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tscy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1094.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) - ![bcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1073.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) -l-![fcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1092.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![lcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1083.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![chcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![vcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ), ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![pcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![dcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![kcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1082.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1095.gif) ![scy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1082.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![pcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1087.gif) ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![rcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1088.gif) ![rcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![kcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1082.gif) ![tscy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1094.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![rcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1079.gif) ![lcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zhcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1078.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![pcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![dcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1076.gif) ![lcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zhcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1078.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![khcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1093.gif) ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![zcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1079.gif) ![rcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![tscy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1094.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1089.gif) ![scy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1089.gif) ![rcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1079.gif) ![lcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zhcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1078.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) . ![Ucy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1059.gif) ![scy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1074.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![scy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1089.gif) ![lcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![dcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ucy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1091.gif) ![yucy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1102.gif) ![shchcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1097.gif) ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![pcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1089.gif) ![lcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![dcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1100.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1088.gif) ![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ucy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1091.gif) ![scy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![jcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1081.gif) ![chcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1095.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![vcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![kcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![pcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![kcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1082.gif) ![scy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) : ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![lcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1083.gif) ![kcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1082.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![lcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1083.gif) ![zcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1079.gif) ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![shchcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1097.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1099.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![chcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![vcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) < ![fcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1092.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![lcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1083.gif) ![zcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1079.gif) ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![shchcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1097.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1099.gif) < ![acy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tscy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1094.gif) ![lcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1100.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1099.gif) ![pcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![zcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1079.gif) ![vcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1099.gif) ![tcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1086.gif) ![chcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1077.gif) ![vcy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/p9v5047m47215423/xxlarge1085.gif) .
|
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|