城市给水和污水系统:历史、现状和未来

回顾了城市水系统及其管理思想的发展历史;分析了传统的集中式城市水系统的缺点和局限性:城市水环境和水文循环的破坏、污水处理的困难、巨大的资金需求和建设周期的漫长;指出了现代和未来城市水系统管理所面临的挑战和发展机遇:干旱和洪涝灾害、城市化加剧、技术的进步和组织管理上的需求;阐述了未来城市水系统管理的思想,即必须用整体论的思想作指导,实行节约用水,实行全球性的资金、技术和经验的共享。这种思想给中国城市水系统的管理和改革以重要启迪。

Urban Water and Wastewater Systems: The Past, Present and Future

The historical development of urban water systems and their management concepts are reviewed, and the disadvantages and limits of the classical centralized urban water systems are analyzed, including the destroying of the urban water environment and the water cycle, the difficulties in wastewater treatment, the great financial demands and the long time of construction. The challenges and opportunities for the management of urban water systems are pointed out, including the more frequent drought and extreme precipitation, the intensification of urbanization and the demands of technological and administrative progresses. The concept for the management of tomorrow's urban water systems is expounded: viewing the management of urban water systems as a whole should be taken as the guidance; water saving must be practiced, and the global finance, technologies and experiences in the field should be shared; this concept provides us with inspiration for the management and reform of the urban water systems in China.