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新型含氟系列阳离子表面活性剂的合成
引用本文:胡应模.新型含氟系列阳离子表面活性剂的合成[J].应用化学,2009,26(9):1104-1107.
作者姓名:胡应模
作者单位:(中国地质大学材料科学与工程学院 北京100083)
摘    要:以六氟丙烯二聚体和N,N-二甲基丙二胺为原料,合成N,N-二甲基-N’-(2-三氟甲基-1-五氟乙基)全氟丙烯基丙二胺(I),通过正交实验确定了I的最佳工艺条件为:反应温度为35℃,反应时间为为8h,六氟丙烯二聚体与N,N-二甲基丙二胺的摩尔比为1:1.0,并通过IR、NMR光谱分析方法对I的结构进行确定;然后利用I分别与溴乙烷、溴代正丙烷、溴代正丁烷、溴代正己烷、溴代正辛烷和溴代正十二烷等烷基化试剂反应合成了一系列季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂,并对其结构进行了表征;结果表明,所得阳离子型含氟表面活性剂具有极低的表面张力:17.8、22.9、23.8、21.5、25.和28.1mN/m;临界胶束浓度:2.03、1.98、1.93、1.83、1.74和1.58mmol/L;且其Kraff点均低于0℃,显示了优良的水溶稳定性能。

关 键 词:六氟丙烯二聚体  含氟阳离子表面活性剂  表面张力  临界胶束浓度(CMC)  
收稿时间:2008-09-02
修稿时间:2008-12-09

Synthesis of a series of Novel Cationic Fluoro-Surfactants
HU Ying-Mo.Synthesis of a series of Novel Cationic Fluoro-Surfactants[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry,2009,26(9):1104-1107.
Authors:HU Ying-Mo
Institution:(School of Materials Science and Technology,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083)
Abstract:In this paper, N,N-dimethyl-N’-(2-trifluorometyl-1-pentafluoroethyl)perfluoro- propenyl propane diamine (I) was prepared by the reaction of hexafluoropropene dimer and N,N-dimethyl propylene diamine with the molar ratio 1:1 at about 35℃ for 8h, and the structure of I was identified by IR and NMR spectra. Then I reacted with bromoethlane, bromopropane, bromobutane, bromohexane, bromooctane and bromolaurane to get a series of quaternary ammonium cationic fluoro-surfactants, and their structures were measured by means of IR and NMR spectra. The results show that the novel fluoro-containing quaternary ammoniums cationic surfactants have rather low surface tensions, such as 17.8, 22.9, 23.8, 21.5, 25.5 and 28.1mN/m; low critical micelle concentrations for 2.03, 1.98, 1.93, 1.83, 1.74 and 1.58mmol/L. And their Krafft points are below 0oC, show their execllent water-soluble properties.
Keywords:hexafluoropropene dimmer  cationic fluoro-surfactant  surface tension  critical micelle concentration
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