Cellulose nanofibrils—adsorption with poly(amideamine) epichlorohydrin studied by QCM-D and application as a paper strength additive |
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Authors: | Susanna Ahola Monika Österberg Janne Laine |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Forest Products Chemistry, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 6300, 02015 TKK, Finland |
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Abstract: | In this paper cellulose nanofibrils were used together with a cationic polylelectrolyte, poly(amideamine) epichlorohydrin
(PAE), to enhance the wet and the dry strength of paper. The adsorption of nanofibrils and PAE on cellulose model surfaces
was studied using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The differences
in fibril and polyelectrolyte adding strategies onto cellulose fibres were studied by comparing layer-structures and nano-aggregates
formed by the nanofibrils and PAE. The results showed that when PAE was first adsorbed on the model fibre surface a uniform
and viscous layer of nanofibrils could be adsorbed. When PAE and nanofibrils were adsorbed as cationic aggregates a non-uniform
and more rigid layer was adsorbed. Paper sheets were prepared using both the bi-layer and nano-aggregate adding strategy of
the nanofibrils and PAE. When PAE and nanofibrils were adsorbed on pulp fibres as a bi-layer system significant increase in
both wet and dry tensile strength of paper could be achieved even at low added amounts of PAE. When the substances were added
as nano-aggregates the improvements in paper strength properties were not as significant. Bulk and surface nitrogen content
analyses of the paper samples showed that the adding strategy does not affect the total adsorbed amount of PAE but it has
a strong effect on distribution of substances in the paper matrix which has a crucial effect on paper wet and dry strength
development. |
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Keywords: | Adsorption Atomic force microscopy (AFM) Cellulose nanofibril Dry strength Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) Poly(amideamine) epichlorohydrin (PAE) Polyelectrolyte Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) Wet strength |
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