| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Charles Bell House, 43–45 Foley Street, London, W1W 7JN UK;2. Medical Radiation Science Group, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW UK Radiation and Medical Physics Group, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, 388 Stag Hill, Guilford, GU2 7XH UK;3. Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, Malet Place Engineering Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK;4. Medical Radiation Science Group, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW UK;5. Healthcare Biomagnetics Laboratory, University College London, 21 Albemarle Street, London, W1S 4BS UK;6. Institut Lumière Matière, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5306, Villeurbanne, 69622 France;7. Nuclear Metrology Group, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW UK |
| Abstract: | Materials with a high atomic number (Z) are shown to cause an increase in the level of cell kill by ionizing radiation when introduced into tumor cells. This study uses in vitro experiments to investigate the differences in radiosensitization between two cell lines (MCF-7 and U87) and three commercially available nanoparticles (gold, gadolinium, and iron oxide) irradiated by 6 MV X-rays. To assess cell survival, clonogenic assays are carried out for all variables considered, with a concentration of 0.5 mg mL−1 for each nanoparticle material used. This study demonstrates differences in cell survival between nanoparticles and cell line. U87 shows the greatest enhancement with gadolinium nanoparticles (2.02 ± 0.36), whereas MCF-7 cells have higher enhancement with gold nanoparticles (1.74 ± 0.08). Mass spectrometry, however, shows highest elemental uptake with iron oxide and U87 cells with 4.95 ± 0.82 pg of iron oxide per cell. A complex relationship between cellular elemental uptake is demonstrated, highlighting an inverse correlation with the enhancement, but a positive relation with DNA damage when comparing the same nanoparticle between the two cell lines. |
