Combining Performance with Thermal Stability: Synthesis and Characterization of 5-(3,5-Dinitro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-tetrazole and its Energetic Derivatives

In this study, we present the synthesis of 5-(3,5-dinitro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-tetrazole and its energetic derivatives starting from 4-amino-3,5-dinitropyrazole, which was diazotized and cyanide substituted. A subsequent cycloaddition reaction with sodium azide led to 5-(3,5-dinitro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-tetrazole ( 3 ). Several alkaline metal and nitrogen-rich salts were prepared and characterized by low-temperature X-ray diffraction. Additionally, all compounds were analyzed by vibrational spectroscopy (IR), ¹H, ¹³C and ¹⁴N NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and differential thermal analysis (DTA). Additionally, the heats of formation for selected compounds were calculated using the atomization method based on CBS-4M enthalpies as well as important detonation parameters by using the EXPLO5 code (V6.05). Furthermore, the sensitivities of 3 and all synthesized salts toward friction, impact and electrostatic discharge according to BAM (Bundesamt für Materialforschung) were determined and compared to RDX.