炸药水中爆炸冲击因子的新型计算方法

针对水中爆炸冲击因子在近场范围内的一些不足，利用水中爆炸冲击波的最大峰值压力与正相冲量的乘积推导了冲击因子的表达式。通过水中爆炸实验，得到了几种典型炸药的冲击波参数及其相似方程。利用该公式计算了水中爆炸冲击因子及其装药指数，并与基于平面波的水下爆炸冲击因子进行了对比。结果表明：冲击因子中的装药指数n＝0.5不仅适合所有以TNT为基本组分的炸药，也适合于RDX、HMX基的炸药。在修正冲击波形状的基础上，由峰值压力与冲量的乘积推导的冲击因子计算公式，从冲击波的毁伤作用的角度表述了水中爆炸冲击因子的物理意义，在计算近场冲击因子时具有更高的准确性。

A new calculation method for shock factor of underwater explosion

Aimed to the limitations of the existent calculation methods for the shock factor of the underwater explosion in near field，a new formula for the shock factor determination was derived from the product of the shock－wave peak pressure and the positive impulse.The underwater explosion tests were carried out on several typical explosives to obtain their shock wave parameters as well as their similar equation of the shock wave peak pressure and the impulse.The underwater explosion shock factors and the charge indexes for these explosives were calculated by using the new formula.And the shock factors by the new formula were compared with those by the calculation method based on the plane－wave assumption.The results show that the exponent of the charge weight in the new shockfactor formula is 0.5not only suitable to all the TNT－based explosives，but also to the RDX－based and HMX－based compound explosives.Due to the amendment of the shock wave shape，the new calculation formula can clearly display the physical meaning of the shock factor from the damage effect of the shock waves，so it is more accurate for calculating the shock factor of the underwater explosion in near field.