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Unimodality of Differences of Specialized Schur Functions
Authors:V Reiner  D Stanton
Institution:(1) School of Mathematics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
Abstract:The centered difference of principally specialized Schur functions

$$s_{\tilde \lambda } (1,q, \ldots ,q^n ) - q^n s_{\tilde \lambda } (1,q, \ldots ,q^n ) $$
is shown to be a symmetric, unimodal polynomial in q with non-negative coefficients for certain choices of ~lambda, lambda, and n, in which ~lambda is always obtained from lambda by adding two cells, and n is chosen to be odd or even depending on ~lambda, lambda. The basic technique is to find an injection of representations for the symplectic or orthogonal Lie algebras, and interpret the above difference as the principal specialization of the formal character of the quotient. As a special case, a difference of q-binomial coefficients is shown to be unimodal.
Keywords:unimodality  Peck  principal specialization
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