Biochemistry of anionic calix[n]arenes

This review treats the biological properties of the various anionic calixn]arenes, both as soluble forms and in the colloidal state. The complexation of these molecules with amino-acids, peptides and proteins is discussed, as is their interaction with model membranes. The complexations with various Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients as complexes, for tamoxifen as solid state and colloidal structures, are treated in depth. Two sections deal with the direct biological action of the calixn]arenes and their use as biosensors. A final section deals with the toxicity, in reality the lack of toxicity of the calixn]arenes.