多功能室温液态金属在不同摩擦副条件下的润滑性能研究

室温液态金属是一类物理化学行为非常独特的新型功能物质,其诸多性能和用途尚未可知.本论文中初步探索了Ga_(75.5)In_(24.5)和Ga_(65)In_(22)Sn_(13)两种液态金属润滑特性与摩擦配副选材间的关系.结果表明:镓基液态金属在钢及陶瓷表面的润湿性能不佳,接触角大于120°.采用AISI 52100钢和陶瓷配副时,镓基液态金属表现出良好的润滑特性和极佳的承压能力;采用AISI 52100钢自配副时,镓基液态金属的减摩效应不明显,但能较大幅度降低材料的磨损率;采用陶瓷-陶瓷配副时,镓基液态金属几乎没有润滑作用.镓基液态金属润滑特性差异与其在材料表面的摩擦化学反应有关.

Lubrication Characteristics of Multifunctional Liquid-State Metal Materials under Different Sliding-Pairs

Room temperature liquid metals are a family of innovative and multifunctional materials that display many intriguing and unique physicochemical properties. However, tremendous effort is needed to be made to explore many unknown properties and application fields of the liquid metals. Therefore, this paper preliminarily investigated the lubrication characteristics of two nontoxic liquid metals such as eutectic Ga_75.5In_24.5 and Ga₆₅In₂₂Sn₁₃ under different sliding-pairs. The results indicate that Ga-based liquid metal had poor wettability on the surfaces of steel and ceramic. When a ceramic ball slid against an AISI 52100 steel disc, liquid metals displayed an outstanding lubrication role and an excellent loading-carrying capacity lubricant. For the self-mated AISI 52100 steel sliding-pairs, the friction-reduction effect of the liquid metal was limited but it decreased the wear rate of the sliding materials significantly. For ceramic-ceramic sliding-pairs, no or limit lubrication was found under liquid metals environment. The lubrication discrepancy of liquid metal might be mainly correlated to its tribo-chemical reaction on the frictional surfaces.