添加剂对AP/Al热分解影响的红外光谱与热分析研究

采用傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱(FTIR)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了草酸铵(AO), 碳酸锶(SC)及复配的草酸铵/碳酸锶等添加剂对复合固体推进剂主要组分高氯酸铵(AP)的作用机理。红外分析表明：草酸铵使AP各吸收峰消失的温度延后。碳酸锶在凝聚相中与AP的分解产物高氯酸发生反应生成比较稳定的产物高氯酸锶，IR光谱证实了高氯酸锶的存在。DSC分析结果表明：草酸铵的加入使AP高温阶段的分解放热峰向高温方向移动，但对AP低温阶段的分解放热峰没有影响。碳酸锶的加入使AP两个阶段的分解放热峰均向高温方向移动。草酸铵/碳酸锶的加入，虽然使AP的分解放热峰均向高温方向移动，但是实验发现，在常压下草酸铵/碳酸锶的组合配方没有发挥对AP高温分解的协同作用。基于上述实验探讨了草酸铵和碳酸锶抑制AP分解的作用机理。

FTIR and Thermal Analysis Studies of the Effects of Additives on Thermal Decomposition of AP/Al

The mechanisms for AP of the main compositions of composite propellants with additives such as ammonium oxalate (AO), strontium carbonate (SC) and AO/SC were studied by FTIR and DSC. The analysis of FTIR shows that AO leads to a delay in the temperature for the disappearance of absorption peaks of AP. SC reacts with HClO4 from AP decomposition and produces more stabilized Sr(ClO4)2 in the condensed phase. FTIR proves the production of Sr(ClO4)2. The analysis of DSC shows that the temperature for high decomposition exothermic peak of AP with AO is increased, but there is no effect on the temperature for low decomposition exothermic peak of AP. Both the temperature for the low and high decomposition exothermic peaks of AP are increased by the addition of SC. Although the temperature for decomposition exothermic peak of AP is increased with the addition of AO/SC, the experimental result shows that SC and AO didn't produce synergetic effects for the high temperature decomposition of AP at low pressure. Based on the above experimental results, the mechanisms of inhibiting the decomposition of AP for AO and SC are discussed.