浙江梅山岛附近海域大型底栖动物和游泳动物的群落组成及其与环境因子的关系

2020年9月对梅山岛附近海域的大型底栖动物和游泳动物进行了定量调查,分析了梅山岛附近海域大型底栖动物和游泳动物的群落组成和数量特征,包括群落种类组成、丰度、生物量和优势种,并对大型底栖动物和游泳动物的群落组成、数量特征与水深、悬浮物、营养盐等重要环境因子进行了相关性分析.结果表明:梅山岛附近海域共有大型底栖动物5门16种,其中环节动物门5种、软体动物和节肢动物门各4种、棘皮动物门2种、脊索动物门1种;梅山岛附近海域大型底栖动物平均丰度为12.73 ind·m^-2,平均生物量为2.87 g·m^-2,其中纵肋织纹螺(Nassarius variciferus)为研究海域唯一的优势种.游泳动物共有55种,其中鱼类29种、甲壳动物23种、软体动物门中头足纲动物2种、腔肠动物1种;游泳动物在整个研究海域的尾数密度为24.77×10³ind·km^-2,重量密度为144.53 kg·km^-2;游泳动物优势种共9种,其中龙头鱼(Harpadon nehereus)的优势度最高,口虾蛄(Ora...

Community composition of macrobenthos and nektons and their relationship with environmental factors around the Meishan Island Zhejiang Province

Using the macrobenthic and nekton assemblages collected in September 2020 around the Meishan Island, the community composition and quantity characteristics were analyzed. The community species composition, abundance, biomass and the dominant species were examined to determine the community composition and quantitative characteristics of macrobenthos. The nekton assemblages and the correlation with important environmental factors such as water depth, suspended sediment and nutrient contents were also determined. The results showed that a total of 16 species of macrobenthos were identified in this field investigation. A total of 16 species out of 5 phyla of macrobenthos were collected from the adjacent waters of the Meishan Island, including 5 species of Annelida, 4 species for both Mollusca and Arthropoda, 2 species of Echinodermata, and 1 species of Chordata. The average abundance of macrobenthos was 12.73 ind.m^-2 and the average biomass was 2.87 g.m^-2 around the Meishan Island, with Nassarius variciferusas being the only dominant species. There were 55 nekton species, including 29 fishes, 23 crustaceans, 2 cephalopods and 1 coelenterate. The abundance of the species was 24.77×10³ ind.km^-2, and the biomass was 144.53 kg.km^-2. A total of 9 species were identified as the dominant nekton species. Harpadon nehereus had the highest dominant degree, followed by Oratosquilla oratoria. The largest contributors to biomass were Harpadon nehereus and Collichthys lucidus. Pearson correlation analyses showed that the dominant nekton species around the Meishan Island were significantly positively correlated with water depth, and negatively correlated with ammonia nitrogen content. The species number, abundance and biomass in this study were lower than the results reported from other sea areas of Zhejiang Province. This study provided detailed information for the study of marine biological resources and biodiversity around the Meishan Island. The information can be reliable scientific basis for ecological environment assessment and marine biological resources protection decision-making.