伴有鸡蛋不耐受的皮肤过敏症患者接种灭活SARS-CoV-2疫苗的安全性调查（英文）

为明确灭活新型冠状病毒疫苗在伴有鸡蛋不耐受皮肤过敏症患者中的安全性,该回顾性研究纳入缺乏鸡蛋过敏实验证据但鸡蛋不耐受的皮肤过敏症成年患者.通过电话随访记录每次接种疫苗后7天的不良反应,研究共纳入122名受试者(平均年龄(30±9.47)岁).和鸡蛋耐受的受试者相比,鸡蛋不耐受者在接种疫苗后会出现更多的不良反应(39.78%/17.24%,P<0.05).同时,特异性鸡蛋不耐受抗体的滴度与接种疫苗后不良反应的风险成正比(趋势P=0.008).其中,注射部位异常疼痛和新发或原有皮疹恶化为最常见的不良反应,且在第一针剂后出现的概率更高.多元回归分析调整后发现,鸡蛋不耐受会增加注射部位异常疼痛(P=0.044,aOR:5.061,95%CI:1.047～24.457)及新发或原有皮疹恶化(P=0.041,aOR:9.109,95%CI:1.098～75.563)的风险.结果表明:灭活新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗的总体安全性较高,但鸡蛋不耐受会增加皮肤过敏患者接受疫苗后出现不良反应的风险,并且与特异性鸡蛋不耐受抗体的血清浓度成正比.

Safe administration of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in egg-intolerant adults with skin allergies

The current study is to determine the safety of inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2) vaccines in patients with skin allergies and egg intolerance but lacking laboratory evidence of egg allergy. This retrospective study included adults with skin allergies but lacking laboratory evidence of egg allergy who received two doses of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Local and systemic reactions for 7 days following each vaccine dose were recorded during telephone interviews. 122 participants with skin allergies (mean age, 30±9.47 years) were enrolled. Egg-intolerant individuals had more anaphylactic reactions after receiving the vaccine than did egg-tolerant individuals (39.78%vs.17.24%, P<0.05). A higher titer of egg sIgG4 was associated with the increased risk of allergic responses after receiving the vaccine (P for trend=0.008). Unusual pain and new or worsened skin rashes were common reactions, especially after the first dose. After adjustments, egg-intolerance was correlated with a higher risk of unusual pain (P=0.044, adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 5.061, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.047–24.457) and new or worsened skin rashes (P=0.041, aOR: 9.109, 95%CI: 1.098–75.563) after the first injection. The results supported the overall safety of inactivated SAR-CoV-2 vaccines. Egg intolerance increased the risk of allergic reactions in adults with skin allergies but lacking laboratory evidence of egg allergy within 7 days of receiving the inactivated vaccine. These reactions were more frequent after the first dose and were positively associated with egg serum concentration.