基于网格映射技术的弹性密封垫孔洞设计研究

针对密封橡胶在压缩情况下易发生翘边而严重影响管片接缝防水效果的问题，基于ABAQUS/Standard中的网格映射技术，建立了超弹性橡胶密封垫的压缩数值模型，对7种不同开孔形状、开孔率、孔洞排列方式的密封垫开展轴向压缩数值模拟。结果表明：在整个压缩数值模拟过程中，弹性橡胶密封垫接触面应力呈现两端大、中间小的多峰值W形分布；闭合孔为圆角三角形的密封垫相较于其他开孔形状的密封垫，平均接触应力最大值提升86.8%;开孔率为0.294的密封垫相较于其他开孔率的密封垫，平均接触应力最大值提升92.6%;错孔排列的密封垫相较于对孔排列的密封垫，平均接触应力最大值提升25.2%;相较于敞开孔构型变化，闭合孔构型变化对接触应力的影响更大，两者同一工况下平均接触应力最大可相差85.2%。

Research on hole design of elastic gasket based on grid mapping technology

In view of the fact that the sealing rubber is prone to edge warping under compression, which seriously affects the waterproof effect of segment joint, based on the grid mapping technology in ABAQUS/standard, the compression numerical model of hyperelastic rubber gasket is established, and the numerical simulation of axial compression is carried out for 7 kinds of gaskets with different opening shapes, opening rates and hole arrangement. The results show that in the whole process of compression simulation, the stress on the contact surface of elastic gasket meets the multi peak W distribution law of large at both ends and small in the middle; compared with other types of gasket, the maximum average contact stress of the gasket with closed hole of rounded triangle is increased by 86.8%; compared with other types of gaskets with different opening rate, the maximum average contact stress of the gasket with the opening rate of 0.294 increases by 92.6%; the maximum average contact stress of the gasket arranged with staggered holes is 25.2% higher than that of the gasket arranged with opposite holes; compared with the change of open hole configuration, the change of closed hole configuration is more sensitive to the contact stress. The maximum difference of average contact stress between two simulations under the same working condition is 85.2%.