Frequency dependence of hysteresis associated with the electromechanical performance of PVDF film |
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| Authors: | O. Richard Hughes |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Sensors and Sonar Systems Department, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, Rhode Island 02841;2. Dr. O. Richard Hughes lost his brave struggle with cancer in May of 2007. This is his last scientific publication and it is dedicated to his memory by his friends and colleagues at NUWC Division Newport.Sensors and Sonar Systems Department, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, Rhode Island 02841 |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
The thickness strains, the electric displacements, and the hysteresis exhibited by poly(vinylidene fluoride) films under sinusoidal applied electric fields were measured over a range of frequencies from 0.05 to 100 Hz. The loops of strain‐ and electric displacement versus electric field exhibit a shape and hysteresis that undergoes a continuous and reversible change with frequency. At lower frequencies (<5 Hz), the shape and large hysteresis are characteristic of a ferroelectric with degrees of remanent polarization. At higher frequencies (>5 Hz), the shape and slight hysteresis of the loops are representative of a nonremanently polarized ferroelectric. This dependence of shape and hysteresis on frequency is attributed to the difference in rates between the rapid rate by which the polarization of domains of aligned dipoles is reversed in a periodic field and the slower rate by which the polarization is made remanent. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 3207–3214, 2007 |
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| Keywords: | electromechanical performance ferroelectricity films fluoropolymers frequency dependence hsyteresis |
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