Immunogenicity and structural efficacy of P41 of Plasmodium sp. as potential cross-species blood-stage malaria vaccine |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Dr. Sudhir Chandra Sur Degree Engineering College, 540, Dum Dum Road, Near Dum Dum Jn. Station, Surermath, Kolkata, 700074, India;2. Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Calcutta, Saltlake City, Kolkata, 700073, India;3. Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Netaji Subhash Engineering College, Techno City, Panchpota, Garia, Kolkata, 700152, India;1. Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea;2. BK21Plus Team for Anti-aging Biotechnology and Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Tropical Medicine, Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Medical Research Pyin Oo Lwin Branch, Pyin Oo Lwin, Myanmar;5. Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea;1. School of Chemical Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded-431 606, MS, India;2. Gramin Science (Vocational) College, Vishnupuri, Nanded-431 606, MS, India;3. DD Bhoyar College of Arts and Science Mouda, Nagpur, 441104, MS, India;4. Bioinformatics Centre, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India;5. Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Nagpur, MS, India;6. Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, MS, India;1. Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, University of Barishal, Barishal, 8254, Bangladesh;2. Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh |
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| Abstract: | Vaccine based strategies offer a promising future in malaria control by generating protective immunity against natural infection. However, vaccine development is hindered by the Plasmodium sp. genetic diversity. Previously, we have shown P41 protein from 6-Cysteine shared by Plasmodium sp. and could be used for cross-species anti-malaria vaccines. Two different approaches, ancestral, and consensus sequence, could produce a single target for all human-infecting Plasmodium. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of ancestral and consensus of P41 protein. Phylogenetic and time tree reconstruction was conducted by RAXML and BEAST2 package to determine the relationship of known P41 sequences. Ancestral and consensus sequences were reconstructed by the GRASP server and Unipro Ugene software, respectively. The structural prediction was made using the Psipred and Rosetta program. The protein characteristic was analyzed by assessing hydrophobicity and Post-Translational Modification sites. Meanwhile, the immunogenicity score for B-cell, T-cell, and MHC was determined using an immunoinformatic approach. The result suggests that ancestral and consensus have a distinct protein characteristic with high immunogenicity scores for all immune cells. We found one shared conserved epitope with phosphorylation modification from the ancestral sequence to target the cross-species vaccine. Thus, this study provides detailed insight into P41 efficacy for the cross-species anti-malaria blood-stage vaccine. |
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| Keywords: | Malaria Vaccine 6-Cysteine Protein structure Immunogenicity |
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