Generation and stability of bulk nanobubbles: A review and perspective |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China;2. The Shenzhen International Innovation Institutes of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China;1. Department of Applied Mathematics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra ACT2600, Australia;2. Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;1. KB Corporation, 7500A Beach Road, 199591, Singapore;2. Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia;3. Department for Soft Matter, Institute for Physics, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany;1. Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warynskiego 1, 00-645, Warsaw, Poland;2. NET Water Technologies, Sokolowska 38, 05-806, Sokolow, Poland;1. Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;2. Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China;3. Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China;4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;5. State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China |
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| Abstract: | Bulk nanobubbles (BNBs) are submicron gaseous domains dispersed in solutions, which are supposed to survive for several hours or even days. In recent years, there has been a rapid growth in the research and extraordinary applications of BNBs. Conventional theories based on gas diffusion and Laplace pressure, however, predicted that nanoscale gas bubbles in water should dissolve within microseconds, presenting a modern-day paradox in current nanobubbles researches. Also, it is still challenging to efficiently produce BNBs and determine their gaseous nature with the available techniques. In this review, we start from a general introduction and brief history of nanobubbles researches and revisit the current progress on the generation methods and detection techniques. Two possible formation mechanisms are suggested, and the plausibility of the proposed theories on BNBs stability is discussed with some suggestions for future studies on bulk nanobubbles. |
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| Keywords: | Bulk nanobubbles Stability mechanism Generation Detection |
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