An integrated study for mapping the moisture distribution in an ancient damaged wall painting |
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Authors: | Donatella Capitani Noemi Proietti Marco Gobbino Luigi Soroldoni Umberto Casellato Massimo Valentini Elisabetta Rosina |
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Institution: | (1) Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche-Laboratorio di Risonanza Magnetica “Annalaura Segre”, CNR-Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, 00016 Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy;(2) Accademia di Belle Arti “Aldo Galli”, Via Petrarca 9, 22100 Como, Italy;(3) Istituto di Chimica Inorganica e delle Superfici, CNR - Area della Ricerca di Padova, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35100 Padua, Italy;(4) Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20158 Milan, Italy;(5) Dipartimento BEST, Politecnico di Milano, Via Bonari 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; |
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Abstract: | An integrated study of microclimate monitoring, IR thermography (IRT), gravimetric tests and portable unilateral nuclear magnetic
resonance (NMR) was applied in the framework of planning emergency intervention on a very deteriorated wall painting in San
Rocco church, Cornaredo (Milan, Italy). The IRT investigation supported by gravimetric tests showed that the worst damage,
due to water infiltration, was localized on the wall painting of the northern wall. Unilateral NMR, a new non-destructive
technique which measures the hydrogen signal of the moisture and that was applied directly to the wall, allowed a detailed
map of the distribution of the moisture in the plaster underlying the wall panting to be obtained. With a proper calibration
of the integral of the recorded signal with suitable specimens, each area of the map corresponded to an accurate amount of
moisture. IRT, gravimetric tests and unilateral NMR applied to investigate the northern wall painting showed the presence
of two wet areas separated by a dry area. The moisture found in the lower area was ascribed to the occurrence of rising damp
at the bottom of the wall due to the slope of the garden soil towards the northern exterior. The moisture found in the upper
area was ascribed to condensation phenomena associated with the presence of a considerable amount of soluble, hygroscopic
salts. In the framework of this integrated study, IRT investigation and gravimetric methods validated portable unilateral
NMR as a new analytical tool for measuring in situ and without any sampling of the distribution and amount of moisture in
wall paintings. |
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