The use of combined synchrotron radiation micro FT-IR and XRD for the characterization of Romanesque wall paintings |
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Authors: | N Salvadó S Butí E Pantos F Bahrami A Labrador T Pradell |
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Institution: | (1) Dpt. d’Enginyeria Química. EPSEVG, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Víctor Balaguer s/n, 08800 Vilanova i la Geltrú, Barcelona, Spain;(2) Daresbury Laboratory, CCLRC, Kecwick Lane, Warrington, WA4 4AD, UK;(3) BM16-ESRF, LLS, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France;(4) Dpt. Física i Enginyeria Nuclear. ESAB, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Edifici ESAB. Campus del Baix Llobregat. Avda. del Canal Olímpic s/n, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain |
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Abstract: | The high analytical sensitivity and high spatial resolution of synchrotron radiation-based techniques, in particular SR-XRD
and SR-FT-IR, allows the identification of complex micrometric mixtures of compounds that constitute the different layers
of ancient paintings. The reliability of the measurements even with an extremely small amount of sampled material is very
high, and this is particularly important when analyzing art works.
Furthermore, the micro size (10×10μm for FT-IR and 30 to 50 μm squared spot size for XRD) of the beam enables one to obtain
detailed compositional profiles from the different chromatic and preparation layers. The sensitivity of the techniques is
high enough for the determination of minor and trace compounds, such as reaction and weathering compounds.
We report here the identification of pigments in the Romanesque wall paintings found in situ in the church of Saint Eulàlia
of Unha place in the Aran valley (central Pyrenees). During the first centuries of the second millennium numerous religious
buildings were built in Western Europe in the Romanesque style. In particular, a great number of churches were built in the
Pyrenees, most of which were decorated with wall paintings. Although only a few of these paintings have survived, they represent
one of the most important collections of Romanesque art, both for their quantity and quality. A full identification of the
pigments, binder, supports, and reaction and weathering compounds has been obtained. The results obtained, in particular aerinite
as a pigment, indicate a clear connection between the paintings found in this Occitanian church and the Catalan Romanesque
paintings from the south bound of the Pyrenees.
PACS 61.10.Nz; 07.85.Qe; 82.80.Gk |
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