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Mapping wetland changes in China between 1978 and 2008 |
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| Authors: | ZhenGuo Niu HaiYing Zhang XianWei Wang WenBo Yao DeMin Zhou KuiYi Zhao Hui Zhao NaNa Li HuaBing Huang CongCong Li Jun Yang CaiXia Liu Shuang Liu Lin Wang Zhan Li ZhenZhong Yang Fei Qiao YaoMin Zheng YanLei Chen YongWei Sheng XiaoHong Gao WeiHong Zhu WenQing Wang Hong Wang YongLing Weng DaFang Zhuang JiYuan Liu ZhiCai Luo Xiao Cheng ZiQi Guo Peng Gong |
| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100101, China 2. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center for Earth System Science, Institute for Global Change Studies, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China 3. Department of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100037, China 4. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130012, China 5. Department of Geography and Remote Sensing, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China 6. College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China 7. Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, 94720, USA 8. Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095, USA 9. Department of Life and Geographic Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810008, China 10. Department of Geography, Yanbian University, Yanbian, 133002, China 11. School of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China 12. School of Geographical Information Science, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China 13. School of Surveying and Mapping Transportation Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China 14. Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China 15. School of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China |
| Abstract: | Four wetland maps for all China have been produced,based on Landsat and CBERS-02B remote sensing data between 1978 and 2008 (1978,1990,2000 and 2008).These maps were mainly developed by manual interpretation and validated by substantial field investigation in 2009.Based on these maps,we analyzed the 2008 wetland distribution in China and discussed wetland changes and their drivers over the past 30 years.(i) There were about 324097 km 2 of wetlands in 2008,for which inland marshes or swamps were the most common wetland type (35%),with lakes (26%) second.Most of the wetlands were in Heilongjiang,Inner Mongolia,Qinghai and Tibet,occupying about 55% of the national wetland area.(ii) From 1978 to 2008,China’s wetland area continually and significantly decreased,by about 33% based on changes in the wetland map.This was in sharp contrast to the increase in artificial wetlands,which increased by about 122%.Inland marshes accounted for the main loss of total wetlands from 1978 to 2000.From 2000 through 2008,riverine and lacustrine wetlands constituted the main wetland loss.Fortunately however,the rate of wetland loss decreased from 5523 to 831 km 2 /a.(iii) The change ratio of lost natural wetlands (including inland and coastal wetlands) to non-wetlands has decreased slightly over the past 30 years.From 1978 to 1990,nearly all natural wetlands (98%) lost were transformed into non-wetlands.However,the ratio declined to 86% from 1990 to 2000,and to 77% from 2000 to 2008.(iv) All Chinese provinces were divided into three groups according to patterns of wetland changes,which could relate to the driving forces of such changes.Tibet was completely different from other provinces,as it was one representative example in which there was a net wetland increase,because of global warming and decreased human activity since 1990.Increased economic development caused considerable wetland loss in most eastern provinces,and artificial wetlands increased. |
| Keywords: | wetland change remote sensing global change China wetland reserves |
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