宇宙起源与阿里原初引力波探测

20世纪建立起的宇宙大爆炸模型取得了巨大的成功，但仍期待着新的革命性的突破。探知宇宙起源及其演化是新世纪对全世界科学家的新挑战，其重要性在近期公布的中国“十三五”规划纲要中得到了高度的肯定。现代宇宙学理论，暴胀以及非奇异宇宙模型如反弹等，预言了原初引力波的存在，但至今还没有被实验证实。不同于近期LIGO合作组探测到的黑洞引力波，原初引力波是宇宙诞生时期产生的，携带着丰富的宇宙学信息，是引力波探测的全新波段，是引力波探测的下一个突破方向。文章简述了中国的阿里原初引力波实验计划及相关的科学问题。

The origin of the universe and the Ali primordial gravitational waves detection

The hot Big Bang cosmology has achieved numerous successes in the past decades in describing the evolution of our universe, but several conceptual issues remain to be addressed. Accordingly, a potentially revolutionary breakthrough is expected within modern cosmology in near future. The goal of probing the origin of our universe and its evolution has become one major challenge for scientists around the world, and its importance has be appreciated and highlighted in the recently released 13th Five-Year Plan by Chinese government. Very early universe models, such as inflation and bounce, predicted an existence of primordial gravitational waves (GWs), but these signals have not yet been observed by experiments. Unlike the GW signals originated from black holes as has been detected by the LIGO team, these primordial GWs were pro-duced right after the Big Bang, and hence, would carry fruitful information about the very early universe.In addition, the frequency band of primordial GWs is extremely low, which may open a brand-new window for the next breakthrough of GW detections. In this article, we will briefly introduce the Chinese Ali Project and the associated scientific topics.