碳布负载氢氧化镍电极材料的合成及其电容性能分析——推荐一个综合化学实验

作为超级电容器的电极材料,Ni(OH)₂具有理论比电容高、来源丰富、环境友好等优点,但较低的电导率影响了其实际性能。解决该问题的一种有效方法是在碳布导电基底上原位生长Ni(OH)₂薄膜。以此为基础设计综合化学实验,通过Ni(OH)₂/碳布薄膜电极的制备、表征及电化学性能测试,使学生进一步理解化学平衡原理在材料合成中的应用,了解材料的基本表征方法,掌握循环伏安法、恒流充放电法等电化学分析方法在实际测试中的运用与解析,从而达到巩固电化学理论知识、培养学生的实验技能、提高学生综合实验能力的目的。本实验的开展还可以帮助学生了解储能领域的科技前沿,激发学生的科研兴趣,培养学生的科研创新意识,适合在大学化学实验中推广应用。

Synthesis and Capacitive Property Analysis of a Nickel Hydroxide Electrode Material Located on Carbon Cloth: A Recommended Comprehensive Chemistry Experiment

Ni(OH)₂ has many advantages as an electrode material for supercapacitors,including a high theoretical specific capacitance,abundant sources,and that it is environmentally friendly.However,its low conductivity significantly limits its electrochemical properties.An effective method to address this issue is through the in situ growth of Ni(OH)₂ on a conductive carbon cloth substrate.Herein,we propose a comprehensive chemical experiment that includes the synthesis of Ni(OH)₂ on carbon cloth,characterization of the electrode materials,and determination of its electrochemical properties.Such a comprehensive experiment will strengthen students’understanding of the chemical equilibrium principle applied in material synthesis,expose them to additional characterization methods and advanced electrochemical analysis methods,such as cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charging and discharging,establish basic theoretical knowledge of electrochemistry,and enhance their laboratory skills and comprehensive ability.In addition,this experiment can also assist students to understand the frontier of energy storage technology,stimulate their interest in scientific research,and cultivate their awareness of scientific research innovations.Therefore,this experiment is suitable for use as a college chemistry experiment.