钛双极片上网印导电聚合物——碳纳米管复合物及其在水型不对称超级电容器中的电化学性能

用导电聚合物（聚吡硌、聚苯胺）与碳纳米管（经酸处理）复合物（ECP-CNT）以及功能添加剂（表面活性剂：苄索氯铵 benzethonium chloride，粘结剂：聚乙烯醇 polyvinyl alcohol）配成水型印泥（aqueous ink)，在钛片（厚度：0.1 mm）上网印（screen printing）成所需载量及面积（例如：75 mg cm^-2，100 cm²）的均匀的ECP-CNT膜. 以该膜为正极，网印活性炭（pigment black）膜为负极，3.0 mol L^-1 KCl 或 1.0 mol L^-1 HCl 为电解质，组装不对称超级电容器. 用循环伏安、恒电流充放电、电化学阻抗、光及电显微等方法研究了ECP-CNT复合物、网印膜、单池以及由双极片（bipolar plate）连接的多池堆（multi-cell stack）. 以两片印刷面积为100 cm² 的钛双极片组装成三池堆，得到较好的技术指标：堆电压3.0 V，电极电容1.29~1.83 F cm^-2，比能量2.30~3.24 Wh kg^-1，最大比功率1.04 kW kg^-1.

Electrochemical Performance of Screen-Printed Composite Coatings of Conducting Polymers and Carbon Nanotubes on Titanium Bipolar Plates in Aqueous Asymmetrical Supercapacitors

Composites of conducting polymers (polypyrrole and polyaniline) with acid treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes were formulated into printable aqueous inks, with the aid of functional additives (benzethonium chloride as a surfactant with or without polyvinyl alcohol as a binder). The inks were screen-printed as fairly uniform coatings of various mass loading densities and areas (up to 75 mg cm^-2 and 100 cm²) on thin titanium plates (0.1 mm in thickness). These screen-printed plates were used to fabricate both unit cell and multi-cell stack of asymmetrical supercapacitors with screen-printed negative electrodes of activated carbon (pigment black) in aqueous electrolytes (3.0 mol L^-1 KCl or 1.0 mol L^-1 HCl). In particular, a three-cell stack with two bipolar Ti plates of 100 cm² in screen-printed area was constructed, demonstrating promising technical specifications: 3.0 V in stack voltage, 1.29~1.83 F cm^-2 in electrode capacitance, 2.30~3.24 Wh kg^-1 in specific energy, and 1.04 kW kg^-1 in maximum specific power. Cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charging and discharging, and electrochemical impedance spectrometry were applied to study the composites, screen-printed coatings and individual and bipolarly stacked cells, assisted by optical and electron microscopy.