小鼠股动脉及股静脉插管手术模型制备方法

介绍一种小鼠经股动脉及股静脉插管手术模型．具体方法为：小鼠经异氟烷麻醉后，无菌切开小鼠的颈部及腹股沟皮肤，将已制备好的2根J形塑料导管植入皮下，并从颈部引出，经股动脉及股静脉造口，将J端导管分别插入股动脉及股静脉内．再将双股拧成麻花状的细铁丝固定于颈部肌肉，并与引出的塑料导管捆绑在一起．固定细铁丝，将塑料导管通过旋转输液阀与输液泵相连．手术后，输液泵持续灌注20U·mL^-1的肝素（12～15μL·h^-1），以防止塑料导管内凝血．手术后1～2d，动物基本都能恢复到正常生理状况．手术感染率低于6％，7d动脉导管堵塞率低于5％．这种经显微外科手术建立的动物模型，可在动物清醒、自由活动状态下，无痛苦地完成采血、给药及血压等生命体征的系统监测，被广泛应用．于药理学、毒理学等各学科的实验研究中．

Introduction of a Micro-surgery Model Through Femoral Arterial and Venous Catheters in Mice

Through femoral arterial and venous catheters in mice,a micro-surgery model is introduced for sampling of arterial blood,and continuous intravenous infusion in the free-moving conscious mice.Some 8-to-10-week-old mice weighing 20-30 g were used in this study.After anesthesia by inhalation of isoflurane(5%),1.5% of isoflurane was administered to the mouse during surgery.With the use of aseptic techniques,catheters were placed in the femoral artery for the measurement of arterial pressure and sampling of blood.Catheters placed in the femoral vein were used for infusions.The arterial and venous catheters,tunneled subcutaneously in the back of the neck in a lightweight tethering wire,were attached to a swivel device at the top of the cage.To prevent blood cruor,20 u heparin(12-15 μL.h-1) was continuously infused through a doublechannel swivel.All mice fully recovered after surgery(1-2 d).Infection rate was less than 6%.The blockage rate of artery catheters was less than 5% 7 days after micro-surgery operation.The femoral arterial and venous cannular surgery is proven to be a dynamic,safe,as well as efficient micro-surgery model,which can be widely applied in pharmacological,toxicological,and clinical experimental studies.