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Microparticles vs. Macroparticles as Curcumin Delivery Vehicles: Structural Studies and Cytotoxic Effect in Human Adenocarcinoma Cell Line (LoVo)
Authors:Joanna Wezgowiec  Marta Tsirigotis-Maniecka  Jolanta Saczko  Mieszko Wieckiewicz  Kazimiera A. Wilk
Affiliation:1.Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland;2.Department of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;3.Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
Abstract:This study aimed to characterize the hydrogel micro- and macro-particles designed to deliver curcumin to human colon cancer cells (LoVo). Six series of vehicles based on sodium alginate (micro- and macro-particles, uncoated, coated with chitosan or gelatin) were synthesized. The uncoated microparticles were fabricated using an emulsion-based technique and the uncoated macroparticles with an extrusion technique, with both coupled with ionotropic gelation. The surface morphology of the particles was examined with scanning electron microscopy and the average size was measured. The encapsulation efficiency, moisture content, and swelling index were calculated. The release of curcumin from the particles was studied in an experiment simulating the conditions of the stomach, intestine, and colon. To evaluate the anticancer properties of such targeted drug delivery systems, the cytotoxicity of both curcumin-loaded and unloaded carriers to human colon cancer cells was assessed. The microparticles encapsulated much less of the payload than the macroparticles and released their content in a more prolonged manner. The unloaded carriers were not cytotoxic to LoVo cells, while the curcumin-loaded vehicles impaired their viability—more significantly after incubation with microparticles compared to macroparticles. Gelatin-coated or uncoated microparticles were the most promising carriers but their potential anticancer activity requires further thorough investigation.
Keywords:curcumin   turmeric   sodium alginate   chitosan   gelatin   drug delivery system   natural product   phytotherapeutic   colon cancer   colorectal cancer
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