Embedding of small samples for spark discharge atomic emission spectrometry |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India;2. School of Mechanical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751013, India;1. Surface Analysis and Materials Engineering Research Group, School of Engineering and Information Technology, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia;2. Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science, Ibn Al-Haitham, 10071, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq;3. Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering and Chemistry, School of Engineering and Information Technology, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia;4. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Riau, Kampus UNRI Binawidya Panam, Pekanbaru, Riau 28293, Indonesia;5. Newcastle University in Singapore, SIT Building @Ngee Ann Polytechnic, 537 Clementi Road #06-01, 599493, Singapore;6. Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Universiti, Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia;7. School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Western Australia 6027, Australia;1. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;2. School of Earth Science and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;3. Karakoram International University, Gilgit 15100, Pakistan;4. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;1. Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Palakkad 678557, India;2. Texas A&M Transportation Institute, College Station, TX 77843-3136, USA;3. Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M Univ., TX 77843-3136, USA;4. NDT Technologies, Inc., P.O. Box 637, 345 Nutmeg Road South, South Windsor, CT 06074, USA;1. Centro de Investigação de Materiais, Instituto de Nanoestruturas, Nanomodelação e Nanofabricação (CENIMAT/i3N), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;2. Institute of Heritage Sciences, Spanish National Research Council (Incipit/CSIC), 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;3. Instituto de Ciências da Terra (ICT, Pólo da UP), Departamento de Geociências, Ambiente e Ordenamento do Território, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;4. Laboratório Hercules, Universidade de Évora, Apartado 94, 700-809 Évora, Portugal;1. National Joint Engineering Research Center for Abrasion Control and Molding of Metal Materials, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China;2. School of Materials Science & Engineering, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China |
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| Abstract: | One approach to the analysis of small samples by means of an ordinary point-to-plane spark spectrometer is by embedding them in an electrically conductive material. In order to do so for steel samples of any shape, embedding in a pure tin ingot was found to be appropriate. This was carried out by putting them into a graphite crucible along with fairly large tin pieces, followed by heating above the melting point of tin. Thus the samples became firmly attached to the tin ingots. Grinding was easy despite the different hardness of steel and tin. With this procedure, samples of various types of steel gave correct analytical results upon sparking except for tin, provided that their diameter was at least 6 mm. The method is fast, cheap and more versatile than alternative ones. |
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