双向视ICP-OES法同时测定褐煤中锗和一些主要成灰元素

描述了ICP-OES(高频电感耦合等离子体光学发射光谱)同时测定褐煤中Ge和一些主要成灰元素Fe，Al，Ca，Mg，K，Na，Ti的方法。所使用的仪器是一台安装有双向视等离子体炬管和一个同时检测器的ICP光谱仪，这种技术允许分别在侧视和端视方式下同时测定主成分和微量元素。作者选取了适宜的仪器工作条件、选择了无干扰的分析谱线和合理地扣除了光谱背景，样品灰化后用HNO₃/HF/HClO₄混合酸消解，测定结果与国标方法吻合。仪器的检出限为0.000 39～0.10 μg·mL-1，方法的精密度RSD为0.79%～2.84%，样品平均回收率为92.38%。建立的方法可简便、快速、准确地对褐煤中锗及其他多种元素同时进行测定。

Simultaneous Determination of Germanium and Some Major Ash Forming Elements in Lignites Using a Dual-View ICP-OES

In this article, an ICP-OES method of simultaneous determination germanium and some major ash forming elements especially for Fe, Al, Ca, Mg, K, Na, Ti in lignites is described. An ICP-OES instrument equipped with a dual-view plasma torch and a simultaneous detector was used. This technology allows the simultaneous determination of trace elements and major components in the axial view along with in the radial view. The moderate operation condition of the instrument and analytical wavelength lack of interference from elements in the sample matrix was selected, the spectral background was automaticly eliminated. The obtained coal ashes were dissolved in mixtures of nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid and perchloric acid after coal samples were cinerated. The analytical results were in good agreement with those provided by national standard methods. The detection limit of the instrument is ranged between 0.00039-0.10 microg. x mL(-1), the precision of the method is in the range of 0.79%-2.84%, the average recovery of samples is 92.38%, the proposed method is well suitable for the determination germanium and some major ash forming elements in lignites.