考虑路径冲突的AGV配置与调度优化

合理调度有限的码头资源以满足船舶的装卸时间要求是自动化集装箱码头的重要目标之一。针对自动化集装箱码头自动导引车(automated guided vehicle,AGV)配置与调度问题,考虑船舶装卸时间要求和AGV运输过程中的路径冲突,提出分阶段调度策略。将船舶装卸作业分为卸船阶段、装卸同步阶段、装船阶段三个阶段,在每个阶段中,建立以最小化最大完工时间和最小化AGV空载和等待时间为双目标的调度优化模型,并设计基于NSGA-Ⅱ的启发式算法求解。根据本阶段的实际完工时间,从最优解集中选择下一阶段AGV的配置与调度方案。最后对比其他调度方案表明本文调度方案能够满足集装箱船的装卸时间要求,且提高了AGV的利用率,更符合码头实际作业要求。

Optimization of AGV Dispatching and Configuration Considering Path Conflict

Reasonable scheduling for limited terminal resources to meet the laytime of ship is one of the important objectives of automated container terminals. Aiming at the problem of automatic guided vehicle (AGV) configuration and scheduling, considering the ship discharging and loading time requirements and the path conflict in the AGV transportation process, a new staged scheduling strategy is proposed. The container handling operation is divided into three stages: discharging stage, discharging and loading synchronization stage and loading stage. In each stage, a scheduling optimization model is established to minimize the maximum completion time and minimize the AGV no-load and waiting time. An improved heuristic algorithm based on NSGA-II is used to solve the model. According to the actual completion time of this phase, the configuration and scheduling scheme of the next phase AGV is selected from the optimal solution set. Finally, compared with other scheduling schemes, the scheduling scheme of this paper can meet the requirements of laytime, and the utilization rate of AGV is improved, which is more in line with the actual operational requirements of the terminal.