醌式杂环化合物的设计、合成及应用性能研究进展

醌式杂环(噻吩、吡咯、呋喃等)分子具有结构刚性、最高占据分子轨道(HOMO)/最低未占据分子轨道(LUMO)能级低、能级带隙窄和摩尔消光系数高等特点.醌式分子因其结构平面性特点,分子间作用力较强,因而分子间电荷传输能力强.目前,醌式杂环分子已成为有机半导体材料领域特别是有机场效应晶体管领域的研究热点.根据醌式杂环分子的结构特点,以端基为分类依据,综述了近年来醌式杂环化合物在分子设计、合成及应用性能等方面的研究进展,并展望了醌式杂环分子的发展前景.

Research Progress in Design,Synthesis and Application for Quinoidal Heterocyclic Compounds

Quinoidal heterocyclic(thiophene, pyrrole, furan, etc.) molecules have the characteristics of rigid backbone, low highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO) level, narrow band gap and high molar extinction coefficient, and so on. Because of their planar structures, quinoidal molecules usually have strong intermolecular charge transfer ability due to the strong intermolecular interaction. Up to now, quinoidal heterocyclic molecules have become a research hotspot in the field of organic semiconductor materials, especially in the field of organic field effect transistors. According to the structural features of quinoidal heterocyclic molecules and the classification basis of terminal groups, the research progress of quinoidal heterocyclic compounds in molecular design, synthesis and application in recent years is reviewed, and the development of quinoidal heterocyclic molecules is prospected.