阿司匹林的结构修饰与生物活性研究进展

阿司匹林(ASP)是第一个合成药物,主要作为一种非甾体抗炎药而被广泛使用.具有多种生物活性,如抗血栓、抗炎和抗肿瘤等,不少文献报道了其衍生物的合成及相关活性评估. ASP现有的衍生方法分为骨架衍生、前药衍生、孪药衍生及金属配位衍生四个类别.依据修饰位点的不同,骨架衍生进一步分为C(1)-COOH位修饰、C(1)-COOH位与C(2)-OAc位同时修饰、C(2)-OAc位修饰及苯环修饰.NO-ASP是制备抗血栓衍生物的主要方法,金属配位修饰则是抗癌衍生物的主要合成方案.综述了近20年来阿司匹林的结构修饰与其活性研究进展,阐述了353种阿司匹林衍生物的合成方法及部分衍生物的药理活性,为阿司匹林衍生物的进一步开发提供参考.

Advances in the Study of Structural Modification of Aspirin and Their Biological Activities

Aspirin(ASP), the first synthetic drug, is widely used as a non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. It displays a variety of biological activities, such as anti-thrombosis, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, etc. A lot of works about the synthesis and related activity evaluation of its derivatives were reported. There are four kinds of derivatization methods: skeleton derivatization, prodrug derivatization, twin derivatization and metal coordination derivatization. According to the different modification sites, skeleton derivatization could be further divided into C(1)-COOH site modification, C(1)-COOH site and C(2)-OAc site simultaneous modification, C(2)-OAc site modification and benzene ring modification. NO-ASP is the main method to prepare antithrombotic derivatives, and metal coordination modification is the main synthesis scheme of anticancer derivatives. The structure modification and bioactivity research of aspirin in recent twenty years and the synthetic routes of 353 aspirin derivatives and the pharmacological activities of some derivatives are described, which provides a reference for the further development of aspirin derivatives.