儿童微量元素水平及铅暴露对健康影响的调查

为调查儿童体内微量元素锌、铁、铜、钙、镁、硒水平及铅暴露情况,探索铅中毒防治方法,2004年1月至2006年12月30日对儿科门诊130例既往有纳差、挑食、易患病、多动、注意力不集中、学习成绩差、睡眠不安稳等症状儿童进行了血中微量元素及铅含量测定,用火焰原子吸收分光光度法统计分析,采用t检验。结果表明,血锌值均低于正常,除6～11岁女22人、12～14岁男14人,P>0.05,无显著性差异外,其余94人P<0.001,有非常显著性差异;血硒值全部低于正常值,P<0.01及P<0.001有非常显著性差异;血铁、铜、钙、镁均在正常范围内;全部有血铅暴露,其中铅中毒者(血铅>0.1)42人,阳性率32.81%(42/128)。提示患儿锌、硒缺乏比较普遍且严重,铅暴露对小儿健康影响不可忽视,应加强合理喂养及饮食均衡,必要时药物干预治疗,预防铅中毒刻不容缓。

Ivestigation on the Effect of Elements Deficency and Lead on Children's Health

To explone the effect of tract elements deficiency and lead on children's health,and supply scientific basis for prevention and cure,serum Zn,Fe,Cu,Ca,Mg,Se and Pb were examined.The results showed that serum Zn and Se were deficient severely,32.81% children had lead posonoing,which could not be ignored because it could affect children's health.Serum Fe,Cu,Ca,Mg,were mainly normal.Appropriate and equilibrate feeding should be strengthen,and treatment with drug would be done in the key time.Prevention of lead poisoning is imminent.