Non-contact tensile viscoelastic characterization of microscale biological materials |
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Authors: | Yuhui Li Yuan Hong Guang-Kui Xu Shaobao Liu Qiang Shi Deding Tang Hui Yang Guy M. Genin Tian Jian Lu Feng Xu |
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Affiliation: | 1.The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education,School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an,China;2.Biomedical Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC),Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an,China;3.International Center for Applied Mechanics, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an,China;4.School of Life Sciences,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an,China;5.The NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechano-Biology,Washington University,Saint Louis,USA |
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Abstract: | Many structures and materials in nature and physiology have important “meso-scale” structures at the micron length-scale whose tensile responses have proven difficult to characterize mechanically. Although techniques such as atomic force microscopy and micro- and nano-identation are mature for compression and indentation testing at the nano-scale, and standard uniaxial and shear rheometry techniques exist for the macroscale, few techniques are applicable for tensile-testing at the micrometre-scale, leaving a gap in our understanding of hierarchical biomaterials. Here, we present a novel magnetic mechanical testing (MMT) system that enables viscoelastic tensile testing at this critical length scale. The MMT system applies non-contact loading, avoiding gripping and surface interaction effects. We demonstrate application of the MMT system to the first analyses of the pure tensile responses of several native and engineered tissue systems at the mesoscale, showing the broad potential of the system for exploring micro- and meso-scale analysis of structured and hierarchical biological systems. |
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