牛心朴子草植物农药的化学成分与生物活性研究

在分离鉴定化学组分基础上结合普筛农药活性，发现牛心朴子草提取物中生物碱部位显示抗植物病毒极高活性。通过生物活性跟踪与色谱分离、结构鉴定，确定它是菲并吲哚里西啶生物碱，包括7-脱甲氧基娃儿藤碱(Antofine)(1)和N-氧代-7-脱甲氧基娃儿藤碱(N-Oxideantofine)(2)。其中2是首次从该草分离得到。Antofine(1)是该草抑制植物病毒主要成份；半中枯斑法测定它在10^-^6g/mL浓度的枯斑抑制率达60%，比对照的常用植物病毒抑制剂活性高1～2个数量级。用多种生测方法验证该草生物碱试样抗植物病毒如烟草花叶病毒(TMV)、马铃薯Y病毒(PVY)、芜菁花叶病毒(TuMV)等的生物活性。

Research of chemistry and bioactivity of active compounds antiphytovirus in cynanchum konmarovii

Cynanchum komarovii Al. Iljinski. (Asclepiadaceae) is a wild shrub, widely distributed in the northwest part of the People's Republic of China. The alcoholic extract from the aerial parts of C. komarovii was found to show potent antiviral activity against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), potato virus Y(PVY) and turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). Using a bioassay- directed fractionation approach, the phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids (G), including two known compounds, 7-demethoxytylophorine (antofine) (1) and N-oxide-7- demethoxytylophorine (N-oxide antofine) (2), were isolated rom the extract. The structures of 1 and 2 were established by comparison with authentic spectra. Compound 1 was confirmed to be the major active component against TMV among the alkaloids G. Bioassay performed by the conventional half-leaf method revealed that the alkaloid G showed highly inhibitory activity against TMV, PVY and TuMV. The major active alkaloid 1, exhibited 60% inhibition against TMV at a concentration of 1.0 μg/mL, while a commercial antiviral 2, 4-dioxo-hexahydro-1, 3, 5-triazine (DHT) only showed 50% inhibition at 500 μg/mL under the same conditions.