海链藻定向培养对凡纳滨对虾生长、存活及养殖水质的影响

旨在探究定向培藻在凡纳滨对虾养殖中应用效果. 选取体长0.545cm的凡纳滨对虾84万尾, 随机分为2组(每组3个重复, 每个室内水泥池(30m2)14万尾), 对照组水体不添加藻, 试验组水体中添加海链藻(藻浓度维持2×104~5×104 cell?mL-1), 试验周期25d. 结果表明: 定向培藻对凡纳滨对虾生长、存活及养殖水质影响显著(P＜0.05), 其中, 对虾体长、体质量成活率和饵料系数均为海链藻组显著大于对照组(P＜0.05); 养殖水体的pH日差值和、NO3--N、NH4+-N、PO43--P和养殖水体中弧菌数量均为海链藻组显著小于对照组(P＜0.05). 由此可见, 在凡纳滨对虾养殖过程中, 养殖池中添加定向培海链藻有利于维持养殖池水体的水质稳定, 减少水体的氮磷含量和抑制弧菌的生长, 同时也有利于凡纳滨对虾的健康生长.

Effects of directional cultivation of Thalassiosira pseudonana on growth and survival of Penaeus vannamei and water quality

The purpose of the study was to explore the application effect of microalgae in the culture of Litopenaeus vannamei. In order to explore the role of directional cultured algae in juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei, a single-factor test was carried out in indoor cement ponds to examine its effects (Thalassiosira pseudonana group: 2×104~5×104 cell?mL-1 and control group: without extra microalgae). The effects on juvenile growth, survival rate, feed coefficient, water quality and Vibrio quantities were evaluated during a period of 25 days. The results showed that the directional cultivation of microalgae had a significant effect on the juvenile growth, survival rate and water quality of the culture pond (P<0.05). Upon the completion of the breeding, the body length, body mass, the survival rate of shrimp and the feed coefficient of the Thalassiosira pseudonana group were all significantly greater than those of the control group (P<0.05). Similarly, the water qualities were also significantly different between two treatments. The sum of the daily pH variation, the NO3--N concentration, NH4+-N concentration, PO43--P concentration, and the amount of total Vibrio density in the aquaculture water of the Thalassiosira pseudonana group were all significantly less than those of the control group (P<0.05). The study showed that directional cultivation of Thalassiosira pseudonana during the Litopenaeus vannamei breeding period was beneficial to maintain the stability of water quality, reduce the content of nitrogen and phosphorus, inhibit the growth of Vibrio, and improve the healthy growth of Litopenaeus vannamei.