计算神经科学

计算神经科学是近三十年来出现的一个新兴交叉学科,它强调采用数学定量的方法,如数学建模、理论分析和数值模拟等来研究和解决神经科学中的重要科学问题,一方面神经科学实验现象为发展新的数学模型、理论和算法提供了基础,另一方面通过数学定量,能反过来揭示神经科学实验现象背后的数理机制、发现新的科学规律.随着欧盟、美国、日本和我国脑...

COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE

Computational neuroscience is an emerging interdiscipline and first appeared as a specific research field in the late 1980s. It is aimed to solve important scientific issues in neuroscience through mathematical modeling, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation. On the one hand, neuroscience experiments provide the basis for the development of new mathematical models, theories, and algorithms. On the other hand, it is helpful to reveal mechanisms underlying experimental phenomena and discover new scientific laws through mathematical and quantitative analysis. The US Brain Initiative and the European Human Brain Project were both launched in 2013, while the Japan brain/minds project was launched in 2014. Recently, the China Brain Project ("One body, two wings") has also been approved by the State Council as one of the Innovation 2030 Major Science and Technology Projects. The investigations of brain and its related brain-inspired artificial intelligence are significant frontier sciences and have the leading strategic position of national competition in research and development. Because of this, computational neuroscience is regarded as a bridge between brain science and artificial intelligence and plays more and more important roles in frontier sciences and national strategic needs. The development of computational neuroscience may advance neuroscience, mathematics, physics, statistics, computer science, artificial intelligence, and other natural sciences and engineering disciplines. In addition, it can integrate the advantages of different disciplines to complement each other, and achieve important scientific breakthroughs.