MR virtual endoscopy of the pancreaticobiliary tract |
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| Institution: | 1. Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy;2. 2nd Department of Radiology, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy;1. Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, PR China;2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China;3. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, PR China;4. School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China;1. Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China;3. Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China;4. Department of Anatomic Pathology, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA;5. State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China;6. Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA;7. Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China;8. Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China;9. Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China;10. Department of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, China;11. Department of Urology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China;12. Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China;13. Department of Urology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Shandong, China;14. Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China;15. Department of Urology, The First People’s Hospital of Chenzhou, Hunan, China;p. Department of Pathology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan, China;q. Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China;r. Department of Urology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China;s. Department of Urology, The Second Clinical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China;t. Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China;u. Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;v. Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China;w. Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;x. Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China;y. Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, China;z. Department of Urology, No. 1 Hospital of Lian Yungang, Jiangsu, China;1. CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, PR China;2. School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, BA27AK, UK;4. School of Material Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0245, USA;5. Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China;1. Liryc Institute, University of Bordeaux, Pessac/Bordeaux, France;2. Heart Rhythm Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan;3. Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom;4. Epione Research Team, Inria Sophia Antipolis, France |
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| Abstract: | Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of surface-rendered magnetic resonance virtual endoscopy (MRVE) of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) data sets. We retrospectively reviewed MR cholangiopancreatography data sets of 120 patients with biliary stone (n = 40), inflammatory ampullary stenosis (n = 12), pancreatic tumor (n = 8), cholangiocarcinoma (n = 7), stenosis of surgical bilio-enteric anastomosis (n = 4), extrinsic localized common bile duct stenosis (n = 2), ampullary carcinoma (n = 2), pancreatic duct stone (n = 1), tumor of the gallbladder (n = 1), and normal pancreaticobiliary tree (n = 43). MRVE views were generated with Navigator software. Segmentation of the acquired data sets was performed with a thresholding technique. Navigation sequences were simulated through the entire biliary tract. MRVE was obtained in 27 (63%) of the 43 normal patients. Endoscopic views were generated in all 77 patients with partial or complete obstruction of the pancreaticobiliary tree. Among these, three groups of patterns were identified: 36 (47%) endoluminal masses (polyp-like masses), 17 (22%) luminal stenoses, 24 (31%) luminal occlusion. In 29 cases, hole artifacts through the internal wall were observed and interpreted as mistakes of segmentation. MRVE proved to show the internal anatomy of the biliary tract and endoluminal changes due to pathological condition. Further investigations are needed to test the usefulness and the potentialities of this technique. |
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