Zipf's law in income distribution of companies |
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| Institution: | 1. Dalio Institute of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York;2. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University Medical Center, Goyang-si, South Korea;3. Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital and Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea;4. Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota;5. Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California;6. Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, New York-Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York;7. Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville, Tennessee;8. Department of Imaging and Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California;9. Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, New York;10. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, German Heart Center, Munich, Germany;11. Medizinische Klinik I der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany;12. Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas;13. Department of Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, California;14. Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;15. Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan;p. Cardiovascular Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, SDN IRCCS, Naples, Italy;q. Department of Radiology, Area Vasta 1/ASUR Marche, Urbino, Italy;r. Department of Cardiology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland;s. Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea;t. Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;u. Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria;v. Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS Milan, Milan, Italy;w. UNICA, Unit of Cardiovascular Imaging, Hospital da Luz, Lisboa, Portugal;x. Department of Cardiology at the Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel;y. Department of Cardiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremburg, Erlangen, Germany;z. Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada;11. Department of Radiology, Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, Florida, USA;22. Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands;1. QIAN Ye-kui, Jianshe Road No.23, ZhengZhou Henan, 450052, China;2. SHAN De-sheng, ZhengZhou Henan, 450000, China;3. WEI Dong, JinShui Road No.136, ZhengZhou Henan, 450046, China;4. LI Yu-chong, Cheng cang, Baoji Shaanxi, 721000, China;5. LUO Zhao-feng, Jianshe Road No.23, ZhengZhou Henan, 450052, China;1. Institute of Molecular Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal;2. Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | Distribution functions of annual income of companies are analyzed based on two company databases. A clear power law distribution consistent with the Zipf's law can be confirmed for Japanese companies over more than three decades in income scale. Similar distributions can be confirmed in some other countries. It is confirmed that such power laws hold in most of job categories with slightly modified exponents. An annual income of a company is about two orders of magnitude smaller than its total assets, and the growth rate distribution of income is nearly independent of the income size in contrast to the case of growth rate of assets. |
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